Showing posts with label Dr. Karen Horton. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Dr. Karen Horton. Show all posts

Sunday, January 8, 2012

Rebirth of the Women's Plastic Surgery blog

There has been a long hiatus in the posts on the Women's Plastic Surgery blog.  The new website for my practice is nearly complete, and I will be starting to blog again about the following topics:
  • Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
  • Aesthetic Surgery
  • Non-Surgical Aesthetic Procedures - Botox, Dermal Fillers, "Laser" Procedures
  • Medical-Grade Skin Care
  • Health, Wellness and Beauty
  • Women's Health Issues
  • Breast Cancer and Breast Reconstruction
  • Reconstructive Microsurgery
Blog posts will be linked to and featured on my site.  

Until then, please visit my Twitter feed for regular tweets about these topics!

Karen M. Horton, MD, MSc, FACS, FRCSC



Friday, November 26, 2010

Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: The Ultimate Aesthetic in Breast Reconstruction

Over the last 10 years, there has been an increasing awareness among General/Breast Surgeons that in many cases, it is not necessary to remove the breast skin along the breast tissue. This is called NIPPLE-SPARING MASTECTOMY (NSM):

Advantages of the NSM and immediate reconstruction technique:
  1. It is a single-stage technique with only one general anesthetic in the majority of cases
  2. There are no visible scars on the breast, unless later mastopexy ("breast lift") is desired or needed
  3. It is performed using an adjustable permanent implant, not a tissue expander, OR a flap reconstruction
  4. The implant or flap is placed over the muscle to avoid animation ("motion") deformities when the pectoralis major muscle flexes
  5. The recovery is shorter and involves significantly less pain than traditional two-stage expander-implant breast reconstruction
  6. This is an oncologically safe, unique mastectomy technique which cores out the nipple on the involved side for additional Pathological tissue analysis
  7. In some cases, it is possible to perform a nipple lift (mastopexy) at the same time as the mastectomy and reconstruction
  8. This technique is the simplest, quickest, most aesthetically pleasing technique for women who are considering prophylactic mastectomy for genetic risk.
  9. There is no delay of radiation or chemotherapy due to a speedy recovery and extremely few wound healing problems


The NSM technique has taken years to refine, but we believe it is the simplest and most aesthetic single-stage implant reconstruction. It is also being used in our practice with the DIEP flap and other microsurgical flaps such as the inner thigh (TUG) flap.
 
NSM is ideal for women who are carriers of the BRCA-1 or BRCA-2 gene and other women with a strong family history of breast cancer who are seeking prophylactic mastectomy and breast reconstruction. It is also appropriate for women with DCIS and invasive cancer that is at least 2 cm away from the nipple.

For those women who have tumors which are very large, very aggressive, or involving the nipple, single stage reconstruction removing the nipple is still available. This is also done over the muscle in our practice.
 
NSM is performed through an incision hidden under the breast, in the breast fold ("inframammary fold"), limiting the scar.  Following mastectomy, in the same operation, reconstruction is performed using either an implant or a flap. 

Read about my patient Desdemonia's experience with this procedure!

If an implant is placed, it is located in the exact same space that the breast was, on top of the pectoralis major muscle.  A permanent, adjustable implant is used.  It is inflated approximately 60%-80% of the way at the time of surgery; only one or two additional inflations are required in the office in the 1-2 week period following surgery.  No "expansion" of the breast skin is needed, as the implant is not used to stretch the skin but is used to "fill out the space".  The great thing about these types of implant is that the woman undergoing the procedure is empowered to make the final decision about her desired implant size, not the surgeon!

A flap placed for reconstruction provides the ultimate soft, warm, living tissue reconstruction that has none of the risks and potential complications of implants.  


Please visit our website for more information.

Saturday, October 9, 2010

Upcoming Presentation: RECONSTRUCTION OPTIONS FOR YOUNG WOMEN AFFECTED BY BREAST CANCER

I have been asked to speak at a free seminar for young women (age 40 or younger at their diagnosis) affected by breast cancer.

I will be discussing the latest in breast reconstruction option, including single-stage breast reconstruction and microsurgical techniques such as the DIEP flap, the SIEA flap and the TUG (inner thigh) flap: 


A few of my patients will be invited to also be there to share their personal stories about their reconstruction experience.

To RSVP, contact yscnorcal@youngsurvivalcoalition.org and visit http://womensplasticsurgery.com/about_horton.html#571 for more information on my practice.

Hope to see you there!

Tuesday, July 27, 2010

Tomorrow: FREE live teleconference! Breast Reconstruction: Understanding Your Options


Tomorrow, July 28th 2010, at 12:00 p.m. EST (9:00 a.m. Pacific time), I am honored to be speaking at the Living Beyond Breast Cancer's LIVE educational teleconference!

The topic is "Breast Reconstruction: Understanding Your Options".  

Educational Programs

Breast Reconstruction: Understanding Your Options

Our July teleconference will help you learn about your choices for breast reconstructive surgery


Join Living Beyond Breast Cancer for our next free teleconference, Breast Reconstruction: Understanding Your Options, from 12:00 p.m. to 1:15 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) on Wednesday, July 28.
Karen M. Horton, MD, MSc, FRCSC, a board certified plastic surgeon with Women’s Plastic Surgery, will help you learn about:
This teleconference will also discuss questions to help you explore whether you want to consider reconstructive surgery.

About Our Speaker
 
In addition to her board certification, Dr. Horton is a reconstructive microsurgeon. She practices in the Pacific Heights area of San Francisco.

Dr. Horton educates, empowers and informs women about options for breast reconstruction after cancer. Her goal is to use techniques that do not sacrifice major body muscles, enabling women to have reconstruction with the least number of stages. She specializes in microsurgical breast reconstruction, including DIEP flap, SIEA flap and TUG (inner thigh) flap.

Dr. Horton has published review book chapters on breast reconstruction. She presents clinical papers at national and international scientific meetings and has won research awards. Dr. Horton also specializes in "mommy makeover" cosmetic surgery for women.  Read more here!

About the Program
Our speaker will give a brief presentation, followed by a question-and-answer period. To participate, you need only a telephone or computer with Adobe Flash Player or Windows Media Player. Social workers may be eligible to receive continuing education credits; see our registration form for more details.


TO REGISTER, CLICK HERE! 

For those who cannot tune in online tomorrow, it will be recorded and an MP3 and PDF of my slides will be posted shortly on the Living Beyond Breast Cancer website.

Sunday, April 18, 2010

Mommy Makeover Surgery - Rejuvenation of the Breasts and Body for Moms, Especially After Twins!

For Moms, a "mommy makeover" can be an empowering experience, particularly for mother who have had a twin or multiple pregnancy.  The following is an online article I gave for the incredible website Twin Pregnancy and Beyond.  I was interviewed by its creator, Kellie:


Plastic Surgery After Twins
Getting Your Body Back

plastic surgery after twins We were so lucky to get some of the best information on plastic surgery after twins from a Board-Certified Plastic Surgeon. This informative article covers our interview with Karen Horton, M.D., and her advice on getting your body back after twin pregnancy via plastic surgery.

Her knowledgeable, straightforward counsel will help anyone who is interested in what's commonly referred to as a "Mommy Makeover". You will definitely get a better grasp on what's involved, recovery and costs. She also dicusses what happens to our bodies after twin pregnancy, as well as what to look for in a plastic surgeon and other available procedures. A must read!

WHAT TYPE OF DOCTOR ARE YOU AND WHAT DO YOU SPECIALIZE IN?

Karen Horton MD I am a Board-Certified Plastic Surgeon and Reconstructive Microsurgeon, practicing in the Pacific Heights area of San Francisco. I specialize in both reconstructive surgery and cosmetic surgery for women, and in particular, Moms! Please visit my bio for additional information.

At least half of my practice focuses on breast cancer reconstruction, using new techniques that are not yet widely performed in the United States: (1) Single-stage procedure using an implant, giving women a natural result without the need for multiple surgeries; and (2) Microsurgical reconstruction of the breast using the body's own tissue, usually from the lower abdomen or inner thigh area. This option avoids the use of implants, and provides a permanent, soft and living tissue reconstruction, while adding the benefit of a tummy tuck or a thigh lift!

The other part of my practice focuses also on women, most of them Moms! The "mommy makeover" spectrum of procedures rejuvenates a woman's body after she has completed childbearing. This type of surgery usually focuses on the breasts and body.

Many women who come to see me after doing an internet search say they feel more comfortable because I am a woman Surgeon. I think many women feel most comfortable discussing their bodies, their body image and self-esteem, and their personal goals for surgery with another woman - with the same anatomy, and who can relate to them as a peer as well as their doctor.

I give every single patient who walks through the door or my practice my full attention and absolute care. I get to know my patients intimately, and strive to understand them as a whole person. I explore how their desire to modify a part of their body will affect their life, health, wellness and spirit, and I encourage realistic goals and objectives for surgery. Each of my patients is given my personal cell phone number, and my patients are encouraged to contact me directly with any questions or concerns, no matter how big or small.


CAN YOU TELL US A BIT ABOUT WHAT HAPPENS TO OUR BODIES. ABDOMENS, BREASTS AFTER PREGNANCY
(especially a twin pregnancy)?

twin pregnancy stretch marks Many women find their abdomens have permanent changes following pregnancy, including stretch marks, loss of abdominal tone, excess skin and extra fat deposits that have accumulated since having babies.

Most mothers do not have complete recovery of their bodies after children. Many of my patients are personal trainers, who also need a little help once they are mothers!

Regardless of whether you breastfeed or not, having babies "suck the life right out of them" (your breasts)! The breasts are usually more and more deflated with each subsequent pregnancy.

This loss of volume is usually addressed by a breast augmentation, and sometimes a breast lift is incorporated to move the nipple and areola up to a more aesthetic position and to tuck excess breast skin. Twin pregnancies and multiple births can amplify the changes to a Mom's body.

Often the abdominal skin and rectus muscles are stretched so far apart that a hernia occurs, which is visible when you try to do a sit-up as a protruding bulge in your midline. This is repaired in a standard abdominoplasty, together with tightening your muscles and removing excess skin. There is no substitute for this incredible operation, which is one of my favorites to do!

How a mother feels about herself as a mother and a woman is integral to her self image and self esteem. For a mom to want to take care of herself and feel youthful, sexy and confident is NOT self-centered or vain!

WHEN DIET AND EXERCISE HAVE DONE ALL THEY CAN FOR A WOMAN WHO HAS TRIED TO LOSE THE POST-PREGNANCY WEIGHT, WHAT TYPES OF PROCEDURES SHOULD SHE CONSIDER?

A Mommy Makeover can include a breast lift, breast augmentation or breast reduction, depending on the changes of pregnancy and your specific aesthetic goals.

Because the muscles of the abdominal wall are permanently separated after pregnancies (particular after multiple children or twin pregnancies), a million sit-ups will not help! A tummy tuck (abdominoplasty)and/or liposuction is often recommended to bring the abdominal muscles back together in the midline, and to recreate a flat belly.

A "mommy makeover" surgical procedure should only be considered at least 6 months after the birth of your last child so that your body has the chance to recover as much as possible and to enable you to achieve as much as you can on your own, with a healthy diet and regular exercise.

I encourage each of my patients to become as physically fit as possible before considering any major surgery. If you are athletic and your body is used to being stressed physically, with endorphin release and a good heart and lung workout, then surgery will be much less of an insult to your body. If you are a couch potato and do no physical activity at all, then surgery will be a huge stress to your system and your recovery will be much more difficult.

Any Plastic Surgery operation is a major deal. Each procedure involves cutting and sewing, bruising, downtime, discomfort, and healing time. Reality shows and celebrity gossip magazines often portray Plastic Surgery in an unrealistic light, minimizing the downtime and sensationalizing the results.

In addition, many Hollywood celebrities who have had more than their share of cosmetic procedures look abnormal and have lost their natural beauty. The best Plastic Surgery does not make you look different, does not distort your features, and is not overtly obvious to any passer-by. Most women seeking surgery in my office want a natural result, without looking "fake" or "done". Most Moms usually just want their pre-pregnancy bodies back, or perhaps to look even better than they did before!

WHAT TYPES OF PROCEDURES ARE AVAILABLE FOR WOMEN WHO WANT TO ADDRESS THE EXTRA SKIN, STRETCH MARKS, AND BELLY BULGE LEFT AFTER HAVING TWINS?

Two main Plastic Surgery procedures apply to the post-pregnancy tummy:

(1) Liposuction will remove excess fat in areas that are stubborn to weight loss, such as the abdomen, flanks, pubic area, and thighs. Liposuction will not address excess skin or stretch marks, and will not help to tighten abdominal tone.

(2) Abdominoplasty or "tummy tuck" addresses both the inside and the outside of the abdominal wall, in a three-dimensional manner:

Tummy tuck surgery not only removes excess skin and fat from the lower abdomen (including some stretch marks), but it also tightens the muscles of the abdominal wall through "rectus plication". This step of surgery "corsets" the fascia overlying your abdominal muscles together in the midline and truly decreases the diameter of your waist from the inside! The bulge of pregnancy ("rectus diastasis", separation of the rectus abdominis muscles) is an integral part of this operation.

Depending on your particular situation, either liposuction or a tummy tuck, or both, may be recommended to achieve your specific goals.

An abdominoplasty has major downtime and recovery, and will require 4-6 weeks off of exercise and heavy activities that raise your heart rate or blood pressure, including carrying your children. You will need to have help with the activities of daily living during the immediate postoperative period, and ensure that you take care of yourself during this time, with others helping to care for your family!

LET'S TALK ABOUT BREASTS. FOR THOSE OF US WHO HAVE BREASTFED OUR TWINS, WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT THE INEVATABLE SAGGING?

should I have a boob job Loss of breast volume after having children is corrected by placing a breast implant behind the breast tissue to fill out what has been lost.  

Breast augmentation can help restore a woman's sense of proportion to her body, and in many cases can improve a Mom's self-esteem and confidence. Breast implants are placed either behind the breast tissue (subglandular position) or behind the breast tissue and the pectoralis major muscle (submuscular position). There are proponents for each technique, based on opinion and surgical training.

Regardless of the placement of the implant, the fill material and the size, having breast implants does not interfere with breast self-examination, physician breast exams, mammograms, ultrasound, MRI or any other cancer detection techniques.

Breast implants are safe! All implants have a silicone shell; silicone breast implants are the most widely studied medical device in the history of the FDA. To read more about the science and safety of all implants, visit the BreastImplantAnswers.com website.

Breast augmentation using implants will not interfere with breast cancer detection. Implants of all shapes and sizes have a shell made from silicone, which is an inert solid and is used in many implantable devices. The fill can be either saline (sterile salt water) or silicone gel. Sizes range from 125 cc to 800 cc, and implants may be smooth-walled or textured, round or shaped.

If you are "happy in a bra" and do not usually wear padding in your bras to achieve your aesthetic goals, a breast lift alone may be your answer for sagging breasts. Breast lift surgery (known as mastopexy) can restore droopy breasts to a normal size and shape. This operation, although similar to breast reduction, is considered cosmetic and is rarely covered by insurance.

A mastopexy reshapes and lifts the breasts, removes excess skin from stretched-out breasts, lifts the nipples and areolas to a more youthful position, and makes the diameter of stretched areolas smaller. Breast lift surgery creates scars that are permanent, but which fade with time, and are hidden in a bra and even a triangle-string bikini top. If you desire both replacement of lost volume and a lift to your nipples, a combination augmentation-mastopexy may be indicated.

ARE THERE ANY OTHER PROCEDURES OR TOPICS YOU WOULD LIKE DISCUSS?

I also see women with concerns about excess tissue in their external genitalia region, the labia minora. Hanging or redundant labia skin can cause embarrassment, pain with intercourse, or friction or sores when walking or doing exercise. One procedure I perform to correct this is called labiaplasty.

Labiaplasty surgically reduces excessive large labia minora tissue to create symmetry when it is lacking, and to make the labia appear more cosmetically appealing. Occasionally excess tissue around the clitoral hood is also carefully trimmed, without any injury to the nerves that provide sexual stimulation.

A FINAL WORD OF WARNING: 

It is important to realize that any body-modifying surgery can have a major impact on body image and self-esteem. Hopefully, the change is a positive one!

However, just like a drastic haircut, there can be a "body image adjustment" period or temporary feeling of remorse after surgery. I counsel my patients at their initial consultation that this adjustment period of potential feelings of uneasiness, anxiety or "what have I done?" is completely normal and common after surgery. It can take some time to adjust to your body after any surgery, and the most healthy approach is to acknowledge how you are feeling and to communicate this to your loved ones who are assisting you after surgery.

WHAT SHOULD WE BE LOOKING FOR IN CHOOSING A DOCTOR TO PERFORM THE AFOREMENTIONED PROCEDURES?

team of doctors A Mom should do her homework when seeking a Plastic Surgeon! You will be trusting your body to this person! Do your 'due diligence'. The surgeon should be Board-Certified and a member of the American Society of Plastic Surgery (ASPS - if in the United States) or another major professional society, and should be current in their Board Certification and training.

They should have a great deal of experience in the procedure you are seeking, and should show you multiple before-and-after photographs of their results - not just the best outcomes, but "average" results in body shapes and types just like you! Ask to speak to some of their patients who have had surgery with the Surgeon, and don't be shy about asking them all about their experience - you need to know the good, the bad, and the ugly!

Bring a list of questions with you, and bring a friend to act as another listener and objective observer. There should be a "good fit" between you and the physician - in terms of personality, aesthetic goals for the procedure, office staff atmosphere, etc.

COST WISE, CAN YOU GIVE US A BALLPARK FIGURE ON WHAT WE SHOULD EXPECT TO PAY FOR SOME OF THE MENTIONED PROCEDURES (plastic surgery after twins)?

I don't usually discuss the costs of surgery - this is left up to my Patient Coordinator Mary, who spends time with patients once they have completed their consultation with me, which usually lasts 45-60 minutes on our first visit. Mary then reviews the procedures we have discussed and provides an estimate of the total costs of the procedure(s), which include a surgical fee, operating room time, anesthesia fees, and sometimes an overnight stay in the hospital.

Estimated costs for the doctor's fee for some common procedures include:
* Breast augmentation $ 4,200 - 5,000
* Breast lift $ 6,000 - 8,000
* Breast reduction $ 6,000 - 8,000 (some cases may be covered insurance)
* Abdominoplasty $ 6,000 - 10,000
* Liposuction (per site) $ 2,000 - 3,500
* Labiaplasty $ 3,500 - 4,000

Keep in mind that when multiple procedures are done at the same time, the overall cost is less and discounts are given. I usually recommend no longer than 6-8 hours under anesthesia, and mandate an overnight stay for any procedure longer than three hours.

Karen M. Horton, M.D., M.Sc., F.R.Cf.S.C.
Womens's Plastic Surgery
San Francisco, California

Full "tummy tuck" closure with DIEP flap breast reconstruction... A good idea?

"It is possible to do rectus plication with DIEP flap donor site closure for a full abdominoplasty result"

Karen M. Horton, MD answers: Possible to do full tummy tuck while doing diep flap procedure?

I understand that the diep flap benefit of a real 'tummy tuck' is not covered by insurance. Is it reasonable to ask for the cost of a full tummy tuck (sewing together muscles, etc.) while the surgeon is performing a diep flap procedure? My surgeon seems very reluctant to even discuss outlying procedures such as abdominoplasty and liposuction, which I believe are both necessary to achieve the best final results. If I'm willing to pay for these procedures out of pocket, I don't know why my surgeon won't discuss them. Any insight appreciated.
Karen M. Horton, MD

When the DIEP flap (deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap) is used for microsurgical breast reconstruction, usually a small split is made in the muscle fascia (thick layer of collagen over top of the rectus abdominis muscles) to dissect out the blood vessels used for transplantation of skin and fat from the tummy to the breast.

Usually, the fascial split is simply closed, and the overlying anterior abdominal wall (sheet of skin and fat over the muscles of the trunk) is pulled tighter and closed, resulting in a tummy tuck scar.

It IS possible to perform rectus fascial plication (corsetting of the rectus abdominis muscles of the abdominal wall towards each other in the midline AT THE TIME of DIEP flap donor site closure.
However, doing so may change the pressures inside the abdominal cavity (i.e. on the stomach, intestines, diaphragm, etc) and may increase the risk of complications to the flap circulation in the short term. The worst case scenario would be to perform cosmetic steps during surgery and to lose the flap altogether!

Performing a full tummy tuck closure with the DIEP flap is something I HAVE performed successfully on a number of occasions, but patients must be very carefully selected and we would all have to be willing to accept an increased risk for complications.

I am currently reviewing my results on this combined procedure and will be presenting my work at upcoming meetings and in the form of a scientific paper, to be published on my website.

Often, the best solution is the simplest. On the day of your DIEP flap, it is usually best to focus only on microsurgical success. "Touch-ups" can be done any time in the future, including liposuction contouring of the abdomen (done in most of my patients) together with their nipple and areolar reconstruction, and/or rectus fascial plication, if needed.

See the photographs below of an example of rectus fascial plication done either at the time of DIEP flap donor site closure.  Trust your Microsurgeon to make the best decision for you, and to ensure a SAFE and SUCCESSFUL breast reconstruction as the #1 goal!

Karen M. Horton, M.D., M.Sc., F.R.C.S.C.
www.womensplasticsurgery.com


Sunday, April 4, 2010

Words of Thanks from a Breast Cancer Survivor


The following is a message from one of my patients who underwent bilateral skin-sparing mastectomies and immediate reconstruction using the DIEP/SIEA flap.  

Words like hers are the exact reason why being a Plastic Surgeon and Reconstructive Microsurgeon is so absolutely rewarding...

Dear Karen,

    My breasts are so beautiful. My torso, too. I'm overflowing with affection, appreciation and feelings of indebtedness towards you. This is so personal. YOU led me here. Not you, the doctor. Not you because this is your job. But the loving, caring, giving you. 


   Your training and gift as a surgeon are your vehicles but it's your heart and your soul that speak to the patient.You gave me the chance to put aside fear, stale ideas, and martyrdom (from childhood! YIKES! I didn't even know it was still there until all of this,) to reach in and stretch my uninformed "normal" view. When Dr. Richards first mentioned "reconstruction" I thought I had misunderstood. I had cancer. What does reconstruction have to do with that? Of course, everyone is familiar with breast cancer and, afterwards, reconstruction,  but these are remote concepts to those who have never experienced it.  

     "Let's just get rid of the cancer," I said to myself. "I don't need new boobs. They haven't been cute since I was last breast feeding. I'm already settled in with older-ish woman boobs, anyway. My middle-aged persona has been developed with older-ish woman boobs playing a key role. WHAT are they all talking about?" Now, I have breasts and they are lovely!

    When I met you, I was scared. Maybe you were the first person ever to say, " Joanne, What do YOU want? This is for you. Only you. What do you want ?" Maybe I was very receptive at that time in my life to consider such a question. My body, my choice. In those days, I would have been satisfied to get rid of the cancer, but I did consider your question . You gave me an open door to think about it. I did think about it. A lot. Before long I was able to decide that I did want new boobs. You know the rest of the story.

    Now that you've completed your magic on me, I feel so new. So alive. So complete. I haven't been swimming for awhile. Now I can't wait for summer.  My sexuallity was dormant. Now it is reawakened! I was a bit reclusive. Now I'm not. Each moment of my life has been improved, deepened, and is more satisfying since having received your care.

    I will be thanking you for the rest of my life for the most awesome and generous gift I have received from you. 

    Karen, I am so eternally grateful to you for staying with me at a time of great despair.

    With love, gratitude, and appreciation,

    Thanks so much, ~joanne

Liposuction Q & A with Dr. Karen Horton

1. How soon will I see liposuction results?

The results of liposuction take at least three months, up to a full year, to be evident.  As with any surgical procedure, you can expect some swelling, bruising, numbness and discomfort that will take a few weeks to resolve.

Postoperative tissue swelling, known as "edema", tends to persist in the tissues that underwent liposuction.  Edema feels like firmness and woody texture to the tissue, sometimes with dimpling of the skin and/or a darker pigmentation.  This is entirely normal; edema is the body' s response to injury! (just like a "goose egg" swelling of the scalp with a bad fall). Initially after liposuction, you may in fact gain weight, despite the removal of a few pounds of fat!  This is again due to edema - the body holds on to extra water as part of its injury response.  

Do not weigh yourself for at least a few weeks after surgery, at least until after the bruising has resolved (2-3 weeks).  When bruising is gone, your healing will be well on its way.  You will notice your clothes begin to fit differently (better) after the first three months, and every single month you will notice subtle but significant changes. The results are permanent!

Remember to be patient after having any Plastic Surgical procedure!  Any type of surgery takes up to a year for every last bit of swelling and tissue edema to go away.  Plastic Surgery is an investment in your body.  You will need to continue your regular exercise regime (beginning at 3-6 weeks postop, or when you receive permission from your Surgeon), a nutritious and balanced diet, and healthy overall lifestyle. 

 2. What anesthesia is used with Tumescent Liposuction?

During liposuction, a fluid mixture commonly called "tumescent solution"containing normal saline (sterile salt water), epinephrine (adrenaline) and a local anesthetic (Lidocaine) is injected into the areas of fat that your surgeon has marked for removal before surgery.  Tumescent solution functions to help "puff up" the fat cells for suctioning, decrease bleeding and limit bruising, and to make the area numb both during and for many hours after surgery. 

After the tumescence is infiltrated, it is allowed to circulate for at least 10 minutes in each area.  This is to maximize the "vaso constriction" effect of the epinephrine (to shrink the blood vessels in the fat and under the skin, to help avoid their injury). 

The local anesthetic will keep you comfortable after surgery, although this is not the only method of anesthesia used during liposuction in most cases .Most of the time, you are also fully asleep under general anesthesia, or at a minimum under intravenous sedation so that you do not feel or remember anything during surgery. 

Next, through tiny "stab incisions" that are placed in natural creases of your body, a thin and blunt-ended wand known as a "cannula" is inserted to permanent suck out fat cells.  These incisions are later closed with sutures(stitches), a dressing is applied over each incision, and you are placed in a postoperative compression garment.  The purpose of the compression garments is to limit swelling and bruising, encourage skin contraction, and to keep you as comfortable as possible. 

3. Who can perform Tumescent Liposuction?

Liposuction is a surgical procedure, and should be performed by a specially trained Plastic Surgeon.  Most Plastic Surgeons have completed at least 5 years of surgical Residency at an accredited University, with an additional year or two of subspecialty training.  At least two years, and up to six of these years should be in Plastic Surgery for a Physician to call themselves a "Plastic Surgeon". 

In the United States, it is important to seek out a Board-Certified Plastic Surgeon who is credentialed by either the American Board of Plastic Surgeryor the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (equivalent licensing Boards).  Unfortunately, not all Physicians are Board-Certified. Another good resource is the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS)and/or the American Society of  Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons (ASAPS).  Entry to these professional societies is limited to Plastic Surgeons who have been in practice for a minimum number of years, are certified by their respective Boards, and are reviewed and accepted into membership by their peers. 

It is up to you, as the patient, to do your homework not only to learn about your surgical procedure, but about your potential Surgeon!  Board Certification is unfortunately not a requirement to obtain a medical license in the U.S.  In Canada and other countries, Board Certification is a rule; a Doctor cannot obtain a medical license without this certification. 

In addition, many non-Surgeons (Family Doctors, Internists, Dentists) or Doctors with other specialties (Oral Surgeons, Ear, Nose and Throat, OB-GYN)take a weekend course on liposuction and begin offering this treatment at a discounted rate to their patients.  Beware!  Just as you would not go to a foot specialist for open-heart surgery, you should not trust your body and your life to a practitioner who does not have the training and experience in the procedure you are seeking. 

Lastly, be cautious of the terminology "Cosmetic Surgeon", and certification and the like.  Nearly anyone can call themselves a "cosmetic" anything -most of the time, it means very little!  The American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC) only recognize University-accredited training programs in Plastic Surgeon for certification. 

 Again, be cautious and take your time to research your Doctor the same way you would research your nanny, a new school for your child or a contractor for your home.  There is only one of you, and you are a very valuable commodity!  Be sure to put yourself in the hands of the best practitioner for the job. 

4. How safe is Liposuction?

Any surgical procedure carries with it potential associated risks, such as the risks of anesthesia, early risks of surgery, and late risks.  Safety is always the number one goal!  Most surgeries are performed in the operating room or an accredited out patient surgical facility with appropriate intraoperative and postoperative monitoring to ensure your procedure goes as safely and smoothly as possible. 

For liposuction specifically, possible early risks include persistent numbness of the surgical area ("anesthesia" of the skin) that can last weeks to months, pins-and-needles or electric shock sensations of the skin as the nerves are waking up ("paresthesias"), or sometimes unpleasant sensations("dysesthesias") as a temporary experience.  Bruising is common for at least 2-3 weeks after surgery, and swelling may persist for 3 months or more.

Potential late complications can include uneven contour of the skin or rippling, darker pigmentation of the treated areas, or asymmetries between sides of the body.  Differences between your right and left sides will likely be pointed out by your Surgeon preoperatively.  Although symmetry is always the goal, you may never be an exact mirror image from one side to the other - no one is! 

As long as the procedure is performed by a Board-Certified, specially trained Plastic Surgeon with a great deal of experience in liposuction, the benefits of liposuction usually far outweigh the risks.  You should also be healthy and physically fit enough to undergo surgery and have clearance from your Primary Care Physician before having any elective surgical procedure. 

 5. What areas are most common body regions treated with Tumescent Liposuction?

 Fat deposition is primarily based on genetics.  Every woman' s body is different, and your area is likely a little different from your best friend' s.
 
The most common areas of the body that are appropriate for liposuction are the lower abdomen hips, flanks (sides or "spare tire" area), inner and outer thighs, the upper neck beneath the chin , upper arms and the "butttockroll" (the area immediately below the buttocks). These regions are the trouble spots that most women (and some men) deposit fat and are stubborn to diet and exercise.

Areas that are not appropriate for liposuction include the knees, lower legs, ankles, lower arms, or the face (with the exception of the front of the neck).  These areas are not usual areas where fat is stored, and liposuction in these regions is risky for injury to nerves, tendons, blood vessels, and the skin. Liposuction is also not applicable to internal abdominal fat - the fat that is deposited around the internal organs.  It is also not a treatment for obesity or for weight loss.  Liposuction is for body contouring only! 

6. Can I have other operations with Tumescent Liposuction?

 Liposuction is commonly performed together with other procedures - for instance breast augmentation, breast lift or reduction, abdominoplasty, or a face lift.  So long as the total time under anesthesia is not excessively long (I limit my patients to maximum 8 hours of elective surgery). it is safe to have combined procedures with liposuction. 

 7. How does the Tumescent technique reduce risk of infection?

Vasoconstriction of the blood vessels may slightly decrease the risk of infection, as the blood flow to the area to be suctioned is reduced temporarily during the operation.  However, the risk of infection is very low as a baseline risk for liposuction.  Usually, a single dose of intravenous antibiotics is given immediately before surgery in the operatingroom.  Oral antibiotics are often continued for a few days after surgery to also prevent infection. 

Monday, March 15, 2010

The New Guidelines for Mammograms and Breast Self-Exams: An Interview with Three Breast Experts

The following is an article I conducted on the new recommendations and guidelines for mammograms and breast self-exams.

I interviewed three fantastic local (Bay Area) Breast Surgeons with whom I work closely on breast reconstruction cases.  Each was asked a short series of questions about their opinion of the new guidelines, and how their practice may be affected. 

Read on! (click on each page for a larger, more clear version of the magazine text)






The interview is published in the Junior League of San Francisco's Fogcutter Spring 2010 publication.

Friday, March 5, 2010

The Art of Breast Reconstruction - 9th Annual Breast Conference Conference, Presidio of San Francisco


I will be speaking this afternoon at the 9th Annual Allison Taylor Holbrooks/Barbara Joe Johnson Breast Cancer Conference: Beyond Breast Cancer - Golden Gate Club, The Presidio of San Francisco, 2:30 p.m. 

More slides from my presentation to follow...

Tuesday, March 2, 2010

What are drains? Why are they used?


A suction drain is a thin, soft, silicone tube that is inserted into an area of the body where surgery has been performed - examples are following a breast augmentation, tummy tuck or breast reconstruction procedure.  

The drain tubing exits through the skin and its purpose is to remove wound fluid during healing.  It is attached to a small suction bulb, often in the shape of a grenade (known as a JP, or Jackson-Pratt bulb), that when compressed, applies very gentle suction to the drain tube, and slowly removes fluid from the area of surgery.  



Initially, the drain wound fluid appears thick and red, as there is minor bleeding with any surgical procedure.  With time (over days to a week), there are less red blood cells in the wound fluid and the fluid becomes more clear and less red.  The color changes from dark to light red, pink, orange and finally clear light yellow (known as serous fluid).  It is at this point that the drains are ready to be removed.  

You will be asked to record the fluid your body is producing on a drain log (see the link for a downloadable form).

Just as when you scrape your knee and it initially bleeds and then weeps fluid for a time, wounds inside the body also make wound fluid.  This is a normal part of healing.  However, wounds outside the body that are exposed to air eventually dry out and form a scab.  

Wounds that are inside the body, such as around a breast implant, or in the area of a tummy tuck, continue to create wound fluid until the body is healed.  Bacteria love to grow in wound fluid - this is why Plastic Surgeons usually use drains to remove this fluid as it forms - to decrease the risk of infection and capsular contracture (contraction of scar tissue around a breast implant). 

Drains are not painful, and do not hurt when they are removed in the office, usually 3-10 days after surgery.  They are held in place by a small drain stitch (suture) that is cut, and the drain is easily pulled out.  

After breast implant or reconstructive surgery, I usually recommend that my patients avoid showering while their drains are in place, also to decrease the risk of infection of their breast implants.  You may sponge-bathe, shower only the lower half of their body, and either wash their hair in the sink or go to the salon for a wash and blow-dry (and splurge on a mani-pedi while they're there!).

Remember, "drains are your friends!".  They are there to help you heal without complications and will be removed when they are ready. 

Monday, March 1, 2010

Eat-Sleep-Plastic Surgery!

 

This is my new favorite T-shirt!  It sums up my life, from a day-to-day basis.

This picture was taken by one of my patients while I was doing rounds at the hospital one early morning.  
Cool T-shirts like this and other custom messages can be ordered at CafePress.com.

Thursday, February 25, 2010

Online Article with Dr. Karen Horton of Women's Plastic Surgery - Neko Cheri and NC Mag Online

I was recently interviewed by Neko Cheri about my experience being a woman Plastic Surgery and in starting my practice and business in San Francisco.  



  

  

Neko Cheri is the creator of NC Mag, "The intelligent woman's guide to sophisticated living", an online publication for women, by women.

She also hosts a live online talk radio show, Neko Cheri LIVE on Blog Talk Radio.  Check her out!




  
The full article including links to my website and additional information can be read here:


INTERVIEW QUESTIONS DR. KAREN HORTON:
Q:        WHAT PROMPTED YOU TO START YOUR OWN PRACTICE, AND HOW LONG HAVE YOU BEEN IN BUSINESS?
            I completed a long, but very rewarding 16 year road of University study to become a Plastic Surgeon, and started my private practice in Plastic Surgery in 2006.  I am one member of a unique, all-woman Plastic Surgery practice, "Women's Plastic Surgery".  See our website www.womensplasticsurgery.com for more information. 
            Starting your first job at the age of 35 was quite different from many of my friends from college and peers in the community; however I wouldn't have done it any other way!  I am exciting to get out of bed each day and to go to work, something that many others can't relate to! 
            When considering the options for employment, I considered different types of practice, including academic University life, an HMO setting (like Kaiser Permanente), a large group practice, or private practice. 
            For me, private practice was the best fit, in that it enabled me to develop a specialized practice, focusing on the areas of Plastic Surgery I am most passionate about, and to deliver the best patient care, in a personal setting. 
             

Q.        WHAT IS YOUR AREA OF EXPERTISE?
            I am a Board-Certified Plastic Surgeon and Reconstructive Microsurgeon, practicing in the Pacific Heights area of San Francisco.  I specialize in both reconstructive surgery and cosmetic surgery for women.  Visit my bio for additional info about my background and training. 
            At least half of my practice focuses on breast cancer reconstruction, using new techniques that are not yet widely performed in the United States.  One technique for reconstruction of the breast involves a single-stage procedure using an implant, giving women a natural result without the need for multiple surgeries.  Another novel technique involves Microsurgery to reconstruct the breast using the body's own tissue, usually from the lower abdomen or inner thigh area.  This option avoids the use of implants, and provides a permanent, soft and living tissue reconstruction, while adding the benefit of a tummy tuck or a thigh lift! 
            The other part of my practice focuses also on women, many of them Moms!  The "mommy makeover" spectrum of procedures rejuvenates a woman's body after she has completed childbearing.  This type of surgery usually focuses on the breasts and body.  There are permanent changes after pregnancy such as breast deflation or drooping, loss of abdominal muscle tone, and/or excess skin and fat in the middle section or thighs.  Many of my patients are personal trainers, who also need a little help once they are mothers!
            A mommy makeover can include a breast lift, breast augmentation or breast reduction, depending on the changes of pregnancy and your specific aesthetic goals.  Because the muscles of the abdominal wall are permanently separated after pregnancies (particular after multiple children or twin pregnancies), a million sit-ups will not help!  A tummy tuck ("abdominoplasty") and/or liposuction is often recommended to bring the abdominal muscles back together in the midline, and to recreate a flat belly.
            Lastly, I see patients for general Plastic Surgery concerns: moles, skin cancers, and other body concerns.  Labiaplasty is one procedure I particularly enjoy!  Redundant labia minora tissue (inner lips of the female external genitalia) that hangs lower than the labia majora (outer lips) is trimmed for both cosmetic concerns and sometimes for pain during intercourse. 

Q:        WHAT WOULD YOU SAY IS THE MOST SIGINIFICANT ADJUSTMENT THAT WOMEN HAVE AFTER SURGERY?
            Any body-modifying surgery can have a major impact on body image and self-esteem.  Hopefully, the change is a positive one!  However, just like a drastic haircut, there can be a "body image adjustment" period or temporary feeling of remorse after surgery.  I counsel my patients at their initial consultation that this adjustment period of potential feelings of uneasiness, anxiety or "what have I done?" is completely normal and common after surgery.  It can take some time to adjust to your body after any surgery, and the most healthy approach is to acknowledge how you are feeling and to communicate this to your loved ones who are assisting you after surgery. 

Q:        IT SEEMS THAT PLASTIC SURGERY IS A MALE DOMINATED INDUSTRY HOW HAVE YOU BECOME SO SUCCESSFUL?
            Many women come to see me after doing an internet search because I am a woman Surgeon.  I think many women feel most comfortable discussing their bodies, their body image and self-esteem, and their personal goals for surgery with another woman - with the same anatomy, and who can relate to them as a peer as well as their doctor. 
            I give every single patient who walks through the door or my practice my full attention and absolute care.  I get to know my patients intimately, and strive to understand them as a whole person.  I explore how their desire to modify a part of their body will affect their life, health, wellness and spirit, and I encourage realistic goals and objectives for surgery. 
            Each of my patients is given my personal cell phone number, and my patients are encouraged to contact me directly with any questions or concerns, no matter how big or small. 

Q.        WHAT HAS BEEN THE MOST CHALLENGING PART OF STARTING YOUR PLASTIC SUGERY BUSINESS?
            In Medical School and Residency, we are given NO business teaching or training!  Subsequently, it is a crash course in self-employment for most Physicians.  I am still learning about running a business, managing employees, hiring and firing, overseeing the books, etc!  Sometimes I wish I could just wake up with an MBA degree and naturally understand it all.  My business aptitude is a work in progress, but I'm enjoying the journey. 

Q:        WHAT ARE SOME OF THE MILESTONES YOU HAVE ACHIEVED IN THE PAST YEAR?
            In the past year, I have helped literally hundreds of women become whole again after breast cancer, feel sexy and youthful again after pregnancy or aging, and to be more comfortable and confident in their own skin.  This provides such gratification to me; it's almost a bonus that I get to make a living doing this!
            Within five months of starting my practice in July 2006, I was covering my overhead and starting to make a profit, which is a feat in itself!  Since then, I have maxed out my practice schedule, and am fully booked in the operating room and in the office.  I now officially need to focus on "working smarter, not harder". 

Q.        WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON MISCONCEPTION ABOUT PLASTIC SURGERY?
            Any Plastic Surgery operation is a major deal.  Each procedure involves cutting and sewing, bruising, downtime, discomfort, and healing time.  Reality shows and celebrity gossip magazines often portray Plastic Surgery in an unrealistic light, minimizing the downtime and sensationalizing the results.
            In addition, many Hollywood celebrities who have had more than their share of cosmetic procedures (no names needed!), look abnormal and have lost their natural beauty.  The best Plastic Surgery does not make you look different, does not distort your facial features, and is not overtly obvious to any passer-by.  Most women seeking surgery in my office want a natural result, without looking "fake" or "done". 

Q.        WHAT ADVICE WOULD YOU GIVE TO A YOUNG WOMAN LOOKING TO WORK IN YOUR FIELD?
            I had very few female Mentors during my training.  My father is a General Surgeon and was a breast cancer specialist, who undoubtedly influenced me, although he was a workaholic and hardly ever around!  My mother held a Ph.D. in Biochemistry, and instilled in my sisters and me the conviction that "you can be anything you want in life, except a Daddy!"
            I was raised to believe that I could achieve just about any career goals I wished, as long as I received good grades in school and worked hard.  My parents encouraged me to investigate other career fields, based on my interests of art and drawing, such as architecture and fine arts.  However, medicine and surgery was the best fit for me, based on my fascination with the human body, science and figuring out the way things work!
            A career in Plastic Surgery is difficult to enter and is fiercely competitive.  In Canada, my birthplace and location of training, only ten training spots are available each year, and the competition is intense.  Four years of undergraduate University, four years of Medical School, five to six years of Plastic Surgery Residency, and often a final year of Fellowship training are necessary before you can start your own practice. 
            I encourage students who are interested in learning more about Plastic Surgery to shadow me in the office and the operating room, and I regularly mentor young females who are considering a career in Medicine. 

Q.        WHAT IS THE REWARDING PART OF YOUR OCCUPATION?
            The most rewarding aspect of my career is helping people in an intimate and emotional way, every single day!  Plastic Surgery enables me to use my brain, my hands, my creativity and artistic talents, and my compassion and caring nature in the best possible way.  Helping others truly is my calling, and Plastic Surgery is the venue!

Q.        WHAT TRENDS TO SEE HAPPENING IN YOUR INDUSTRY?           
            Many non-surgical aesthetic treatments are increasingly being offered as an alternative to, or as an adjunct to surgery. 
            Examples are Botox, Dysport and other injectable agents that decrease muscle contraction and eliminate wrinkles, injectable fillers that help to fill lines in the face, that decrease the effects of aging around the eyes, and plump the lips or cheeks, and "laser"-type treatments that can help to tighten skin without surgery and to improve abnormal pigmentation of the skin.
            Nonsurgical treatments such as these can be a little less expensive than surgery, and can be a great option for women who are not ready for a facelift or eyelid lift surgery.  However, the effects are usually temporary, and over time, the expenses can add up!   Surgery sometimes is the correct answer; your Plastic Surgeon can help to determine which options will best achieve your goals!

Q.        HOW DO YOU SEE YOUR PRACTICE EXPANDING IN THE NEXT 5 YEARS?
            I will always be committed to breast cancer patients, and I intend to continue to perform breast reconstruction for women facing cancer throughout my career.  At this point in my practice, I am already extremely busy, I'm tired, but I'm thrilled about this! 
            I would like to expand my "mommy makeover" cosmetic practice and help many more Moms achieve their body image and self-esteem goals via surgery (once they have achieved their maximal results with a health diet and regular exercise).
            I am now ready to train a "Fellow" (fully trained Plastic Surgery graduate) and teach them all I know, and to eventually take on a Junior Associate in my practice!  I also plan to hire a Physician Assistant to enable me to be as efficient as possible and to share my responsibility with inpatient hospital rounds, office preoperative visits, phone calls, and weekend call. 
            I hope to start my own family soon, and having someone I have personally trained and trust to care for my patients in the same manner and degree as I do, will enable me to best juggle work and a family life.  I look forward to that challenge!

Q.        HOW HAS SOCIAL NETWORKING AFFECTED YOUR FIELD?
            There is a great deal of inaccurate information and gossip on the internet, particularly regarding Plastic Surgery.        
            I am active on Twitter and Facebook, and I use these resources as a way to reach out to other and to educate, inform and empower women (and men!) about what Plastic Surgery is and isn't, to discuss some of the latest controversies in Plastic Surgery, and to get the word out there about new surgical techniques that are the latest and greatest!
            I think social networking is great, as long as it is used with respect and professionalism.  Many of my patients "follow" me online, and it's important to remember that once an opinion or message is posted, it is out in cyberspace forever!